Study finds drug every day reduces the risk of infection
A pill that is currently used for HIV infection can also reduce the risk of HIV infection in men at risk, according to results of a large clinical study.
Each year, more than 2.5 million people worldwide living with HIV, the virus that causes AIDS diagnosed. Despite progress in reducing the number of new infections continues to look for scientists to more effective strategies to halt the spread of HIV. Current prevention strategies based on behavioral changes, such as condoms, abstinence or fewer sexual partners.
Clinical trials
Some studies in animals and humans have shown that anti-retroviral drugs used today to treat HIV could also help prevent new infections. To test this idea has been called a clinical study of 11 sites in South America, South Africa, Thailand and the United States for life.
The study involved nearly 2,500 men who have sex with men. All participants were at least 18 years and HIV-negative at the time of registration. The road was from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)-sponsored, with additional funding from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.
The men were randomized to receive a daily tablet containing two common anti-retroviral drugs (tenofovir and emtricitabine) or a placebo. Were evaluated every month for HIV infection. All condoms have been invited to safer sex practices and treatment of other sexually transmitted diseases. The average duration of schooling was 1.2 years.
Significant results
The results of the November 23, 2010, online edition of the New England Journal of Medicine report showed that the drug reduced the risk of contracting HIV infection by almost 44 percent. In particular, 36 infections occurred among the 1251 participants who were receiving antiretroviral therapy, compared with 64 HIV infections among the 1,248 people who received placebo.
The treatment was more effective for those that attached to the daily dose. Participants who took the drug for at least half the time were about 50 percent fewer HIV infections. Those who took the drug to 90 percent or more days of infection were almost 73 percent less.
The researchers note that their findings could be relevant to men who have sex with men. Further studies to investigate the effectiveness of the strategy in other groups, like women and heterosexual men.
"No one can be effective HIV prevention strategy for all," says NIAID Director Anthony S. Fauci. "More research is needed, but certainly this finding is important that the basis for research, development and implementation of this prevention strategy has the potential to have a significant impact in the fight against the offer HIV / AIDS."
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